How to Change OpenSUSE user interface from English to Khmer

If you installed openSUSE 11.2 in English language and you wish to change openSUSE Desktop user interface to Khmer, you can follow this instruction :

1. Go to Personal Settings via K menu → Personal Settings (Configure Desktop) → Regional and Language → Country/Region & Language

2. In this step, look at the right side and click on Add Language → choose Khmer (if you don't see Khmer, you have to install KDE language pack for Khmer via this instruction) → click Apply

After adding Khmer Language, please make sure that Khmer shows on the top of other languages. This means that KDE Desktop UI will show in Khmer.

3. Logout or restart computer

Hope this will help you

How to setup Khmer(km) translation for KDE

Khmer(km) translation is a package for All the requirement for a desktop in Khmer. This package contain application translations, help files, and a screenshots. (e.g) If you want to change openSUSE user interface from English to Khmer, you have to install Khmer(km) translation for KDE (kde4-l10n-km) before you can change it to Khmer user interface.

To setup kde4-l10n-km for KDE4, you can follow this instruction:

1. Go to Yast via K menu → System → Yast (Administrator Settings)

2. In Search box, type kde4-l10n-km and then search that package
→ Tick on kde4-l10n-km that will show on the search result box on right side → click Accept

Note: Please make sure that your system had been already added software repository from openSUSE repository. If not yet, you can add openSUSE software repositories via this instruction.

How to add Software Repositories in openSUSE

Definition from WikiMedia
A software repository is a storage location from which software packages may be retrieved and installed on a computer.

If you keep your computer always connected via a broadband connection, you can install the standard online repository below.


For openSUSE11.2:
Oss :The main repository, open source software only.

http://download.opensuse.org/distribution/11.2/repo/oss/

Non-oss: Non free (as in freedom) software, such as Flashplayer, Java etc.

http://download.opensuse.org/distribution/11.2/repo/non-oss/

For other version, visit here.

To add those repositories, Go to Yast via K menu → System → Yast (Administrator Settings) → Software → software repositories
Then Click Add → HTTP →choose Edit Complete URL →then fill some information as following:

• Repositories name : any names (e.g: oss-11.2)
• URL of the Repositories: http://download.opensuse.org/distribution/11.2/repo/oss/

Then Click Next → (wait a few minute ) then click Next → OK (if you don't wish to add the other repositories)

Note: In case your computer didn't connect via a broadband connection, you can use DVDs repositories for installing any software, but it will ask for DVDs to be inserted every times you install software.

Hope this will help you.

How to make a bootable USB installation stick

Some computers do not have a CD or DVD drive. To install openSUSE on these computers you can make a USB stick that does the same thing as a installation DVD.

1.  First you have to format your stick as FAT32 (either in Windows or in Linux). It needs to be sufficiently large, so 4GB for the Khmer installation DVD, and 8 GB for the normal openSUSE 11.0 installation DVD.

2.  Copy all the contents of the DVD to the USB drive. After that you have to make the stick bootable. To do this you need to install the package syslinux. It is included in the openSUSE dvd, so YaST will take care of that.

Now all we have to do is make the usb stick bootable. You need to do this on the commandline.
First you need know which partition your USB drive has (like /dev/sdb1 or /dev/sdc1). You can find this out by typing this:

mount

It will show you all your mounted partitions. Find the one which is your USB flash drive.
Then you need to unmount the flashdrive. You can do this manually:

umount /dev/sdb1 (or what partition you have)

Or you can click on my computer on your desktop and rightclick your drive and select "safely remove".

3.   The last thing you need is the path where the installation DVD is mounted.

Download a script called mksusebootdisk which will do the rest. It's located here:
mksusebootdisk

Copy this file somewhere on your computer.
Open a konsole and make sure that you are root.

In the following example, I assume that the USB stick partition is /dev/sde1 and that the DVD is mounted in /media/DVD.
Issue this command:

/path/to/script/mksusebootdisk --32 --partition /dev/sde1 /media/DVD

This should take about 20 seconds and you have a fully working bootable USB installation disk!

More information can be found on the openSUSE wiki:
http://en.opensuse.org/SuSE_install_from_USB_drive

How to Add Khmer Unicode Keyboard Layout in Windows 7

I have described in the previous post about changing to KhmerOS font to be displayed on desktop in Windows 7, but it is not exactly the same as the Khmer Unicode Keyboard Layout that I want to talk in this post. A fresh installation of Windows 7 has been already included Khmer Keyboard Layout that uses Space Bar to write Cheung (sub-string). That kind of Keyboard is belong to PAN Localization team. In case you want to change to Khmer keyboard layout of Khmer OS team that uses “Letter J” to write Cheung (sub-string), Please follow this instruction :

• Go to Start → Control Panel → Region and Language → keyboards and language → Click on Change Keyboard... 

In this step, please remove all existing Khmer Keyboard Layout that's shown in Installed services. And then add Khmer Unicode Keyoard (NIDA1,0) as the following :

• Click on Add... → Scroll down to Khmer (Cambodia) → Tick on Khmer Unicode Keyboard (NIDA 1.0). if you don't see it, click on Show more... → then tick on Khmer Unicode Keyboard (NIDA 1.0)

I think the result should be like this:

Enable particular user access SARG reports without admin password

if you want a particular user using the user-manager to be able to view the sarg reports without being prompted for admin password, you have to enable SARG reports in the user panel for that user, for SME server 7.4. And then modify httpd.conf located in /etc/httpd/conf/ as following :

#-------------------------------------------------------

# SARG generated squid access log reports web repository

#-------------------------------------------------------

Alias /squid /var/www/sarg

AllowOverride None
Options +Indexes
order deny,allow
deny from all
allow from $localAccess $externalSSLAccess
AuthName "SME Server Manager"
AuthType Basic
AuthExternal pwauth
require user admin valid-user

#---------------------------------------------------

# End of SARG generated squid access log reports web

#---------------------------------------------------

Then type this command line :

expand-template /etc/httpd/conf/httpd.conf

/etc/rc7.d/S86httpd-e-smith restart

then use that user to log in again .

10+ mistakes Linux newbies make

This is a guest post by TechRepublic’s Jack Wallen.
Source :  10+ mistakes Linux newbies make


New desktop users can make plenty of mistakes (as can anyone). But knowing which mistakes to avoid, from the start, helps prevent a LOT of frustration. I’ve handled the topic of mistakes new Linux admins make, but never those of desktop users. Here are some of the most common Linux desktop mistakes I see new users make.
Note: This article is also available as a PDF download.

1: Assuming they are using Windows

Although this might seem way too obvious, it’s not. The average user has no idea there are even different operating systems to be had. In fact, most average users couldn’t discern Windows XP from Vista from 7 (unless they are certain Windows 7 was “their idea”). Because of this, new users might believe that everything works (or doesn’t work, as the case may be) as it does in Windows. Make your end users aware that they are using a different operating system — and that it works differently.

2: Trying to make exe files work

Unless you have done your homework and installed WINE, double-clicking those .exe files simply won’t do anything. And when that happens, your end users are going to be upset. I have seen many an end user download an app made for Windows assuming that it will work for Linux. Make it clear to users that Linux, like Windows, will only run applications made for that operating system. This, of course, is tossed out the window when WINE is involved. But new users won’t be using WINE anyway.

3: Choosing the wrong distribution

One of the biggest problems for users is choosing the wrong distribution. Imagine being a new user and selecting Gentoo or Slackware or Fedora! Yes those are all good distributions, but any of them would send a new user running away in fear. If you are in the initial stages of helping a new user out, do yourselves both a favor and choose the distribution carefully. Consider the user’s ability, needs, and hardware before you make that selection. Don’t just jump on board Ubuntu because everyone says you should. A lot of distributions out there are made specifically for new users. Give them all a close examination before making the choice.

4: Not finding software

Because so many new Linux users are migrating from Windows, they think software can be had from the same channels. Most of the time, this is not the case. The new user needs to become familiar with their package management tools right away - especially tools like Synaptic, Packagekit, and Ubuntu Software Center. Each of those tools is a mecca of software where users can most likely find all the applications they need.

5: Sending OpenOffice documents to Microsoft Office users in the default format

I see this so often. New Linux users are proud of the strides they have made but dumbfounded (and sometimes turned back to Windows) because the people they share files with can’t read their formats. Remember, Microsoft products are not good at getting along with other operating systems and other applications. Make sure your new users are saving in file formats that are readable by the Microsoft equivalents.

6: Avoiding the command line

I can’t, for the life of me, figure out why people completely avoid the command line as if it is the most complex tool there is. I know people who can work absolute magic with Photoshop but can’t seem to type a simple rm command at the command line. Why this is I will never know. New users shouldn’t shy away from the command line. Knowing the command line isn’t essential anymore, but it will make them more capable users.

7: Giving up too quickly

Here’s another issue I see all too often. After a few hours (or a couple of days) working with Linux, new users will give up for one reason or another. I understand giving up when they realize something simply doesn’t work (such as when they MUST use a proprietary application or file format). But seeing Linux not work under average demands is rare these days. If you see new Linux users getting frustrated, try to give them a little extra guidance. Sometimes getting over that initial hump is the biggest challenge they will face.

8: Thinking the Windows directory hierarchy translates to Linux

There is no C:\ in Linux. Nor do you use the “\” character. Nor should you use spaces in filenames. These are common mistakes new users make. Trying to map out Windows to Linux, directory for directory, is impossible. You can get as far as C:\ = / and maybe Default User = ~/, but beyond that you’re out of luck. Make sure new users understand that everything starts at / and their most important directory is their home directory (aka ~/ aka /home/USERNAME/).

9: Skipping updates

I have been burned with Windows updates many times. Need I bother mentioning the update from Explorer 7 to Explorer 8? Very rarely has a Linux update fubar’d a system of mine. In fact, I can’t remember the last time it has. So I am always up to date on my systems… and with good reason. Those updates bring new security patches and features to software and should be applied. Having an installation with a security hole is not what your users need, especially on a machine that houses important information.

10: Logging in as root

I really shouldn’t have to say this. But just in case, be sure to tell your users DON’T LOG IN AS ROOT! But… just in case they must… DON’T LOG IN AS ROOT! Instead, have them open up a terminal window and either “su” to root or use “sudo”. And just in case you didn’t hear me the first time, DON’T LOG IN AS ROOT!

11: Losing windows to the pager

The pager is one of the handiest features of the Linux desktops. But over and over, I’ve seen that new users don’t quite understand what the pager is for and what it does. Because of this, they will “lose” their windows from the desktop. Where did it go? It was there a moment ago! I guess it crashed. No. More than likely, they moved it to another desktop. Another desktop? You see where this is going? Help the new user understand what the pager is and how useful it can be.

12: Ignoring security because it’s Linux

A big part of me still wants to boast and say, “In the 12 years I have used Linux, I have never once had a virus or worm or been hacked.” Although that is true, it doesn’t mean I should ignore security. I have witnessed the effects of a rootkit on a Linux machine. They aren’t pretty and data will be lost. Tell your users that they can’t ignore security just because they’re using Linux. Security is crucial, regardless of the OS.

Source: 10+ mistakes Linux newbies make